The title refers to the black-and-white aesthetic of the episode. Chiaroscuro is an artistic technique that uses strong lights and darks (*chiaro*, bright and oscuro, dark) to create contrasts, so as to give a starker, more dramatic and sometimes three-dimensional feel to the two-dimensional image. A notable user was Leonardo Da Vinci, whose hologram has made a number of appearances in Star Trek (VOY: “Scorpion, Part 1”).